Red-Eared Slider Turtle

Overview

The Red-Eared Slider (Trachemys scripta elegans) is the most commonly kept pet turtle in the world - and the most commonly surrendered. Sold as cute hatchlings for $20, the species grows to 25-30 cm, lives 30+ years, requires a massive heated filtered aquarium, and is invasive in many countries when released.

Natural History

Native to the south-central United States. Semi-aquatic - lives in ponds and slow rivers, basking heavily.

Now considered one of the world's worst invasive species. Banned for import to the EU (since 1997) and many Asian countries.

Appearance

Adults 20-30 cm shell length (females larger than males), 1-2 kg.

Green to olive shell with red stripe behind each eye (the "red ear").

Temperament & Handling

Active swimmers; not handling pets. Will bite if mishandled. Better observed than touched.

Enclosure

Adult minimum: 80 litres of water per 5 cm of shell length, so 400 litres for a 25 cm female, by the RSPCA (RSPCA). Many keepers use stock tanks or outdoor ponds for adults.

Provide:

• Strong external filter: turtles produce enormous waste.
• Basking platform (UVB-lit, dry).
• Deep water for swimming.
• Tight-fitting lid (or high-sided enclosure).

Heating & Lighting

• Water: about 25°C for hatchlings, down to 22°C for adults, with a guarded aquarium heater (RSPCA).
• Basking spot: 30-35°C (RSPCA).
• UVB essential - high-output, replaced every 6-12 months.

Humidity

Aquatic - humidity not separately managed.

Diet

Omnivore, shifting with age. Juveniles more carnivorous; adults more herbivorous.

• Pellets as base: quality aquatic turtle food.
• Leafy greens: dandelion, collard, mustard, kale.
• Vegetables: squash, sweet potato.
• Limited protein: fish, shrimp, insects.
• Calcium supplement.

Health & Lifespan

Around 30-40 years in captivity, as reported by the RSPCA.

Common concerns:

• Metabolic bone disease.
• Respiratory infections.
• Shell rot.
• Vitamin A deficiency (causes swollen eyes).
• Salmonella - turtles carry Salmonella; always wash hands.

Pros & Cons

Pros:

• Active and interesting to watch.
• 30+ year companion.
• Hardy when properly housed.

Cons:

• Massive enclosure as adults.
• Constant water maintenance.
• Salmonella carrier.
• Cannot release: invasive species.
• Not for handling.
• Lifetime commitment 30+ years.

Best Suited For

• Owners willing to commit to large aquariums and decades of care.
• Outdoor pond keepers in suitable climates.

Not suited for apartment dwellers without space, anyone planning short-term ownership, households with very young children (Salmonella).